Embedded Systems used microcontroller over a standard I2S port clocked

Embedded Systems

In programmable Embedded Systems hardware architecture, hardware resources can be allocated to each channel. These resources execute in parallel with each other and with the CPU, thus eliminating many of the issues relating to managing real-time interrupts. Consider a consumer audio application utilizing a stereo ten-band graphic equalizer whose filter coefficients are calculated by the CPU on the fly. 

A stereo audio codec is interfaced to the microcontroller over a standard I2S port clocked from an embedded frequency synthesis system that can produce all standard audio master clock frequencies from a single local crystal. If required, this synthesis system can also be synchronized to the framing Embedded Systemspatterns of common digital interface formats such as USB. All this is implemented in programmable hardware.

At a 44.1 kHz sample rate, this equalizer uses only a fraction of the available resource and filtering power. The response Embedded Systems fitting and coefficient calculation routines can take update information dynamically from local controls directly managed by the microcontroller and also from control protocols arriving over an (embedded) interface from a mobile device used as a signal source and control unit.

Embedded Systems Some newer mixed-signal controllers provide the necessary flexibility through programmable or configurable logic, implemented as integrated coprocessors or hardware blocks that can be programmed to execute independently, in parallel to the main CPU. These devices can implement compute-intensive algorithms with a high degree of efficiency, and at minimal cost. In addition, the decoupling of signal processing from the main CPU allows the reuse of IP through an ecosystem of blocks that can be shared across a design community to reduce development time and lower application cost. This level of flexibility also allows developers to support entirely new applications with their own custom IP blocks in a cost-effective manner.

The number of channels that can be Embedded Systems filtered concurrently is dependent upon the microcontroller's architecture. In a software implementation, the available processing resources must be time-sliced, creating a complex array of independent threads that must be serviced consistently to meet real-time constraints. Using interrupts to handle non-real-time tasks,such as refreshing a screen or polling a keyboard, can complicate handling of real-time interrupts significantly.